Friday, July 10, 2020
Finding Research Essay Samples For Your Special Needs Students
Finding Research Essay Samples For Your Special Needs StudentsOne of the easiest ways to create a winning essay for your special needs college essay is to use research essay samples early in the process. Research essay samples are done in a lot of different ways, but they all have one thing in common: they are all words based on real-word examples. Using the proper research essay sample will help you make sure you are using the right word choice for your essay and will also help to be able to use your essay to make an impact on those who will read it. This is why they are so important, because your essay is the best way you can show students how they can benefit from what you know.Research essay samples can be found in many different places, but two of the most popular places to find them are online and in the bookstore. Online, there are so many different options out there that there is bound to be something that will work for you. With online versions of the essay samples, you are able to submit a quick form to get a free sample essay. These offer two main things: first, the ease of submitting the form and the time it takes to get a sample essay back to you. With just a couple of minutes to get the sample essay back to you, this gives you enough time to make changes if necessary before submitting the full essay to the paper or course you are working on.In the bookstores, you will find that some of the more popular books with essays are a great resource to find research essay samples. It is easy to find these books at most bookstores and they have access to all the different versions that are available, as well as access to resources for teachers who want to find additional essays for their special needs students.When choosing which essay samples to use, keep in mind that you do not want to simply copy the words from the essay or school reading. Instead, you should choose words that are similar to the original but still have a meaning that can teach the reader something. For example, if the original is about not being able to rely on others, but you wanted to use a word that would actually help the reader to be more independent, then you could write about how you were able to rely on yourself when you had to. The key is to use words that make the reader think, not just read, so that they are able to understand what you are trying to communicate.Research essay samples help you create powerful essays that can reach a wide audience. Remember that a professional essay is one that is well written, that tells the reader something in a simple and clear way, and that makes them want to know more.There are many essay writing software programs that are available that offer research essay samples for use with those who need them. These make it easy to find examples that fit a particular theme and that you can use to make a great first draft. With this type of software, you are able to utilize research essay samples to start from scratch, or to re-w rite the same essay as many times as you would like. With research essay samples, you can make changes as you go along, or as you want to make changes in the future.With these four essential parts, research essay samples will help you make sure that you use the right word choices for your essay. By doing this, you will be making a great first impression for your students, and you will be creating essays that are fun and engaging to read.
Thursday, July 2, 2020
Putting the Pieces Together Your MBA Application
Lets take a look at all the elements that go into creating an MBA application: Theres your GPA, your transcripts, your GMAT, a resume, your letters of recommendation, all those boxes and forms on the actual application page, and finally, your MBA application essays. Creating Your Unique Puzzle One way we like to view all these elements is to look at them as pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The final product may be your MBA application, but the picture that you complete by piecing together each of the components is a picture of YOU, the life-force and essence of your application. The purpose of presenting all of the above information to the adcom is to introduce yourself to them, so if the pieces dont fit together to create this picture, then you havent made a proper introduction. Introduce Yourself! Now, you dont want to submit all of these elements and then have the adcom stumped as to how they all fit together; instead, you want to hand them over in a neat package that MAKES SENSE, so that as they read or examine each piece, theyre able to quickly and naturally see how each piece fits into your unique puzzle. When they are finished with the last essay, they should sit back and say, Hey, I understand this person professionally, extracurricular-ly, and personality-wise. Id like to get to know him better, and then stick your application in the Send Interview Invite pile. Realize the functions of the different elements: Resume: Summary and birdââ¬â¢s eye view of your professional credentials. Transcript and test scores: Raw data on academic qualifications. Essays: You telling your story. Opportunities for you to take a deep dive, adding depth to readersââ¬â¢ understanding of critical events as well as insight into what makes you tick. Letters of Recommendation: Anotherââ¬â¢s perspective on you as a professional. The Essays as Puzzle Glue I cant overemphasize the importance of having strong application essays in this equation. The other application elements will definitely portray important aspects of who you are, but its the MBA essays that will really hold the puzzle together, fill in the gaps, and add the color and vibrancy that the other data lacks. 5 Tips for Using Your Essays to Hold Your Application Together Keep the following advice in mind as you work to complete your MBA application jigsaw puzzle: Each application essay should highlight different qualifications or experiences that you want to showcase to the adcom Minimize overlap between stories in essays. Failing to do so is comparable to sticking two identical puzzle pieces in a puzzle box. Use the essays to address weak points in your record or subtle stereotypes in your profile. Doing so will help promote your cause (though please, dont be defensive, apologetic, or whiny), as well as unify your application by connecting to other parts of the puzzle. (Pointless regurgitation or repetition of ideas or stats isâ⬠¦wellâ⬠¦pointless, and should be avoided.) Use details and descriptions in your essays. Think of these writing techniques as the color, boldness, or glossy finish on a puzzle. Balance story and insight, description and analysis. Getting Jiggy with Your MBA Jigsaw Puzzle Your entire application should create a cohesive, coherent, unified picture of YOU, featuring your most impressive accomplishments, noteworthy experiences, and important scores and stats. It should be whole, not fragmented; a missing piece will make your application puzzle look sloppy, not to mention not yet finished. Do you need help putting all your MBA application puzzle pieces together successfully? View A Winning MBA Application Strategy, a collection of resources that will teach you how to create a unified, COMPLETE MBA application jigsaw puzzle. (function(){ var s='hubspotutk',r,c=((r=new RegExp('(^|; )'+s+'=([^;]*)').exec(document.cookie))?r[2]:''),w=window;w[s]=w[s]||c, hsjs = document.createElement("script"), el=document.getElementById("hs-cta-52eb888c-486a-4162-b9f5-bbafc53e1a3b"); hsjs.type = "text/javascript";hsjs.async = true; hsjs.src = "//cta-service-cms2.hubspot.com/cs/loader-v2.js?pg=52eb888c-486a-4162-b9f5-bbafc53e1a3b (document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]||document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]).appendChild(hsjs); try{el.style.visibility="hidden";}catch(err){} setTimeout(function() {try{el.style.visibility="visible";}catch(err){}}, 2500); })(); Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best
Wednesday, May 20, 2020
Anxiety and Competitive Sports - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1046 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Anxiety Essay Did you like this example? When athletes prepare for a competition or performance, mental health is often neglected and not given a second thought. The athlete will condition their body, physically readying themselves to be pushed during competition. However, it might be worthwhile if athletes asked themselves how their mental health could affect their performance. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Anxiety and Competitive Sports" essay for you Create order Various studies have been conducted to observe the ways anxiety, in particular, can alter performance from practice to competitions. Anxiety may be reported by an athlete when they are unsure of whether they can handle situations contributing stress (Hardy, Jones, Gould, 1995). Martens, et al (1990) contributed three subscales, used to describe athletes anxiety participating in various sports, onto the existing knowledge of anxiety and athletic performance. These three subscales include cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence, which all play a role in an athletes performance. This multidimensional anxiety theory suggests that cognitive anxiety will negatively effect performance if arousal is high, entailing a negative linear relation with performance (Hardy, et al., 1996). On the other hand, somatic anxiety displays a curvilinear relation and self-confidence has a positive linear relation with performance (Martens, et al., 1990). A common questionnaire that was completed in various studies was the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2, 30 minutes to an hour before competition (Tsopani, Dallas, Skordilis, 2011). The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 measures the intensity of symptoms which in turn can determine the presence of anxiety. When participants take this CSAI-2 they respond to 27 items rating each on a 4-point scale; using 1: not at all and 4: very much so (Martens, et al., 1990). A greater presence in these three subscales are indicated by higher scores. These results help to determine how an athlete feels concerning the competition at hand and how it may affect performance. Questioning how anxiety can affect an athlete during competitive play is important to improving their skills. Performance is not only determined by physical readiness, but also by an athletes mental state. It is hypothesized that athletes who contribute time towards their mental health will perform better. Additionally, those showing little symptoms of anxiety will perform better than those showing more. Cognitive anxiety increases worry or doubt, threatening an athletes persuit and well-being. When cognitive anxiety is low is when an athlete will perform the best (Kais, Raudsepp, 2004). In the studies conducted and reported by Graham Jones (1992), Austin Swain (1992), Despoina Tsopani (2011), George Dallas (2011), Emmanouli K. Skordilis (2011), Kristjan Kais (2004) and Lennart Raudsepp (2004), each participant completed CSAI-2 30-60 min before the competition to measure cogenitive anxiety. This did not interfere with preparation routines for the players. The participants were than observed during the competitions looking for mistakes or accomplishments each player achieved (Tsopani, et al., 2011). This would later determine if the results from the CSAI-2 affected their performance. The test conducted by Jones and Swain (1992) separated the 69 subjects in two groups: high or low competitive subjects. They took athletes from various sports and compared their results. Using the results given by the participants from the CSAI-2, they determined how cognitive anxiety differed between the high and low competitive subjects. In result, the more competitive subjects reported their cognitive anxiety considerably more facilitative than the less competitive subjects, positively affecting their performance (Jones, Swain, 1992). In the study conducted by Tsopani, et al., where 86 young gymnasts were observed, the results contradicted those of Jones Swain (1992). It was shown that highly competitive athletes were lower on cognitive anxiety. Additionally, Kais Raudsepp (2004) found that their 66 participants performed more effectively when they perceived their cognitive anxiety as facilitative. Thus, Jones Swain (1992) and Kais Raudsepp (2004) both found the athletes to perform better because of their perceptions on their cognitive anxiety, although cognitive anxiety had no real affect on performance. In comparison, somatic anxiety refers to the physical symptoms of anxiety in athletes, including increased heart rate, butterflies, elevated blood pressure, and more (Kais Raudsepp, 2004). Alongside cognitive anxiety, there was no statistically significant difference between cognitive and somatic anxiety. Athletes rated and perceived these two similar to one another. Self-confidence is known as the feeling of trust in ones ability to execute a task efficiently and effectively. This aspect of the multidimensional model played a significant role on how athletes performed. The way they perceived them selves in the way they played affected their performance. Jones Swain (1992) found that the highly competitive group found their self-confidence more facilitating than the low competitive group, greatly affecting performance. Tsopani, et al. (2011) stated that the only statistically significant aspect proved to be self-confidence. Female gymnasts with higher self-confidence performed higher. Reports also showed that gymnasts with lower self-confidence showed signs of shaky stances, and unbalanced performances. Furthermore, Kais Raudsepp (2004) reported results suggesting self-confidence as a construct that can greatly influence performance above affects by cognitive or somatic anxiety. There were several limitations regarding each study conducted. Jones Swain (1992) and Tsopani et al. (2011) gathered subjects that participated in the same sport at the same level while Kais Raudsepp (2004) studied athletes from varying sports. This may cause a discrepancy when comparing the athletes anxiety and self-confidence due to the different sports. These sports may not entail the same guidelines and rules athletes are to follow. Alongside this, Tsopani et al. (2011) only examined gymnasts aged 11-12, not offering results from older and more experienced athletes. Lastly, in all three reports, the intensity of anxiety was not taken during or after the competition. This eliminates the opportunity to assess anxiety and its affect in all stages of mental performance. Taking in results from all stages of the competition may offer an improvement to predicting anxieties influence. The findings of these studies support the idea that athletes perceptions of their own anxiety offer an understanding of competitive state-anxiety. Even though the symptoms of anxiety may not affect athletes negatively does not excuse its affects in a positive aspect. These affects may even be necessary for a positive affect on performance. Although, what may be perceived as positive anxiety could be merely the states of excitement, arousal, or motivation. Additionally, self-confidence directly correlates with an athletes performance during competition. The research included all showed signs that participants who perceived themselves with higher self-confidence performed better than those in a low competitive group. Furthermore, coaches and athletes should take focus on their perceptions of anxiety and self-confidence to improve their readiness for competition.
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Summary about Vietnam War - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 649 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Vietnam War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? The civil war between North and South Vietnam was known as the Vietnam War which started on November 1st, 1955 and lasted until April 30th, 1975. North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and North Korea and South Vietnam was Supported by the United States, Thailand, Australia, New Zeeland, and the Philippines which was really just communism against capitalism as well. In the Vietnam War there were many different battles varying from little skirmishes to huge and heavy actioned battles and in this paper we will be exploring the bigger battles and the battle with the most importance to the war in terms of how it affected the outcome of the war. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Summary about Vietnam War" essay for you Create order Battle of Ap Bac The Battle of Ap Bac happened on January 2nd, 1963 in Mekong Delta in paddies north of hamlet Ap Bac. Before this day arrived the Viet Cong spent a little over two day preparing the battleground for the Battle of Ap Bac. Something very crucial they did to prepare for this fight was cut down bamboo and some branches, so they can lay a false roof over themselves. At about 10:30 a.m. the Viet Cong spotted movement 400 meters to their south which were about 100 ARVN puppet soldiers that walked out of the tree line. The ARVN expected to just walk towards the Viet Cong and just scare them into running away with their tails between their legs, like the previous battles in late 1962. Except that in this battle is the US spotter plane could not tell what the strength of the Viet Cong really was, which left the ARVN and the US advisors that were on the ground without any intel on the enemy, so they were going in blind. The Viet Cong knew what the word patience meant, and they let the ARVN soldiers get within 50 meters of them and then opened fire using small arms and autoptic weapons to attack the ARVN. Just when everything seemed to be going right for the Viet Cong the South Vietnamize had eight troop carrier helicopters coming to their aid filled with over 100 men in each plus four tadpole gunships. Again the Viet Cong patience would pay off as they waited for the first carrier to make its descent and as soon as the cabin doors opened on the carrier they fired gunning down some of the troops coming out of the choppers well the ones that got out looked for cover. The gunships that the South Vietnamize had made strafe runs firing into the tree line were the Viet Cong were with their M134 Gatling guns, but they had little to no effect. Then the ARVN artillery started to fire which wasnt aimed properly and it landed were the rest of the troop carrier helicopters were making their landing which was next to the first ship that got gunned down and they made the same mistake because they landed within the range of the Viet Congs range putting five of the carries out of action. During this battle the Viet Cong displayed fire control and conserved ammo for the rest of the day. They survived the enemy artillery, dive bombers and gunships; and even a late in the day cavalry charge by a dozen M-113 APCs with .50 caliber machines guns and one flame thrower (Rooney). The Viet Cong also went and inflicted four times more casualties to the Southern forces killing 80 ARVN and they fought all day against an army four times their size withstanding all the artil lery, machine gun and helicopter fire from the Sothern force and still they were able to win. The Battle of Ap Bac was a big for the Viet Cong because it showed that the southern Vietnamize army had no fighting ability and that they couldnt cope with the strategy or the fighting spirit of the Viet Cong even with their larger force and support from the United Sates.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Dementia And Delirium Effect On A Person Is On The Rise
According to case studies, the rate at which both dementia and delirium can affect a person is on the rise because of the increasing population worldwide (McCrow, Sullivan, Beattie, 2014). Older adults are one of the fastest growing populations in the world. The first baby boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) turned 65 in the year 2011 (McCrow, 2014). With the increasing population of elders, there is also an increase in incidence of delirium. Up to 36 percent of aged people admitted to healthcare facilities have developed delirium (Schuckit, 2014). It is clear that delirium presents a significant problem for the aged admitted to healthcare facilities. There have been developments and initiatives in healthcare facilities to helpâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The necessity to integrate this knowledge when caring for the older population is desirable because the population above 55 years is among the fastest growing population in America according to the U.S. census (2010). Tolson Booth Schofield (2011) discuss that older people are at a greater risk of developing delirium following an age-related impairment of cerebral metabolism, which causes a significant decrease in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, in particular, acetylcholine. According to Hosie, Lobb, Agar, Davidson, and Phillips (2014), older people are often affected by at least one chronic condition such as dementia. Unlike delirium, dementia is a chronic condition that lasts at least six months and in most cases occurs progressively. Also, the most common form of dementia, Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease (AD), is associated with a chronic decline in acetylcholine (Redfern Ross, 2006). Therefore, this explains why symptoms of dementia and delirium overlap, especially memory loss in both conditions. The overlapping symptoms, therefore, make differentiation between the two conditions difficult, especially when delirium is superimposed on dementia. It is because of this that identifying delirium is of great significance to the older population. The elderly patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) who have been diagnosed with delirium have unique characteristics (Britton, Russell, 2003). Some of the
Essay about Individualism in History - 1061 Words
In todayââ¬â¢s world, individualism is everywhere, accepted by many and encouraged by most people in America. However, in the 18th century colonies, when America was finding its beginnings, this was something that was highly frowned upon. Among many beliefs during the 18th century, one that stood out the most were Puritans who thought that everyone was equal and should do their part to help their community. There were, also, the Deists who believed that everyone was a part of a bigger picture than what was actually seen. Not one of the proclaimed Deists strove to be different from the other, always conforming to what was around him or her. During the 18th century, there were two men who could not be more obviously different than Jonathanâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Unfortunately, soon after Franklin and his son had a major falling out, that greatly dampened their relationship. Edwardsââ¬â¢ and Franklinââ¬â¢s use of tone, the reader sees that both men do an excellent j ob in getting their points across, even though they have various ways of showing their thoughts. Franklin and Edwardââ¬â¢s beliefs were the root of every other thing they accomplished in their lives. For Franklin, who was a deist, believed that everything could be solved by reason and logic. Franklin was much more into the emerging science that was coming about in the world. Edwards, on the other hand, was a Calvinist. He believed in predestination and the mystical powers of God. Everything Edwards did or saw could all be explained by Godââ¬â¢s will. Although both men believed in completely different theories, they both lived by a high moral code. Franklin first listed out his highest virtues in his autobiography and secondly, tried to master every one. Both men tried to better themselves due to their strong beliefs, but they both were trying to accomplish the same things essentially. Both men, also, shared their beliefs of others. Edwards was different in the fact that he felt it necessary to preach his religion to others, such as in his sermon, ââ¬Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry Godâ⬠, while Franklin did not. Franklin and Edwardsââ¬â¢ convictions were their primary motivations for their work. Both menââ¬â¢s beliefs, also, had a great effect on the earlyShow MoreRelatedEssay about Individualism in American History1470 Words à |à 6 PagesAmerican history there have been struggles for individualism. The American Revolution, the American Civil War, and the separation from family life are all examples of individualism in American history. Individualism is an American paradigm designed by the modern societal structure that is an altered idea of the foundation by immigrants. In todayââ¬â¢s society the struggle for individualism is more personal and represents how American values have shifted since the beginning of American history. IndividualismRead MoreA Brief Note On Western Culture And Individualism1107 Words à |à 5 PagesHistorical Framework: Individualism means that they are solely depending on that individual person (Ayn, 1). There is no ââ¬Å"weâ⬠in the way that an individualist person would think (Culturematters.com). Western culture and individualism is derived from knowledge and emphasis on the individual person. Western culture is open to anyone in any race, cultural background, age, and gender. Therefore, history has changed itself throughout the years when it comes to the way we think. If you refer back toRead MoreIndividualism And Its Impact On Society788 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe word individualism. There is nothing selfish to be able to express ones personality and internal emotions. Being an individual alone could value a personââ¬â¢s overall true character. The claim presented would be opposed by many because people like to feel independent and self-reliant. 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Although the term ââ¬Å"Individualismâ⬠was notRead MoreIndividualism And Liberty By John Stuart Mill1196 Words à |à 5 Pages In the essay, Liberty, written by John Stuart Mill, Mill states that individualism is the theory that ââ¬Å"[o]ver himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereignâ⬠(7). Before coming to this conclusion, Mill first explains that individualism and liberty were defined in ways far different from definitions now and that true individualism did not exist until later in history. It takes him several paragraphs and even chapters to finally suggest that a man, by himself, is free to do whatRead MoreCritical Analysis of Alex de Tocquevilles Democracy in America1366 Words à |à 6 Pagesdownfall of democracy. Throughout his travels he noticed that private interest and personal gain motivated the actions of most Americans. He believed this cultivated a new concept, the concept of individualism. He believed this individualism was one of the greatest threats to democracy. He believed individualism would eventually sap the virtue of public life and create a despotism of selfishness. This growth of selfishness would be facilitated by citizens becoming too individualistic. They would, thereforeRead MoreCultural Differences Of Business Practices1625 Words à |à 7 Pageswestern country with a long history. Analysis of the two representative countries can get sufficient result. According to Hofstede(1991), there are four main conceptual dimensions on national cultural differences. Framework of four dimensions is the most widely used in psychology, sociology, anthropology and economic studies. This is the first study to systematically categorize culture related to business and management(ghauricateora)The four dimensions are individualism/collectivism, power distanceRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1277 Words à |à 6 Pagesanother word, this book shows the loss and the pursuit within the humanity. Totalitarianism is the biggest evil of all that leads to the dehumanization which has been addressed through 3 parts: the loss of privacy, the loss of individualism, the loss of history. Under the rule of this hierarchy Big Brother, only very few people within the whole population called ââ¬Å"inner party membersâ⬠have the core of leadership of the country also known as absolute power. Winston is a member of the outer partyRead MoreCollectivism Is More Rational Than Belief960 Words à |à 4 PagesI will be using rationality as the main criterion for evaluating which philosophy is preferable, so the resolution can basically be re-stated as belief in collectivism is more rational than belief in individualism. My case revolves around 3 independently functioning reasons for why an affirmation of the resolution is more plausible than a negation of it. I. Collectivism increases the chances of individual success The logic underlying this is simple. A society, by definition, is a group of individualsRead MoreTo What Extent Is the Term Renaissance a Valid Concept for a Distinct Period in Early Modern European History?623 Words à |à 3 PagesEuropean history? During the 14th to 17th century, a new golden age emerged. This age was characterized the Renaissance. Led by northern Italian cities, the Renaissance was fundamentally by economic growth, as Europeans sought to achieve higher standards of intellect. The Renaissance marked the beginning of Modern history. It subsequently revived their socio cultural achievements, developing ideas of individualism, humanism, and secularism for a distinct period in modern European history. Individualism
Emergence of Modern Communication Language - MyAssignmenthelp
Question: Write about theEmergence of Modern Communication Language. Answer: Background: The world turning into global village has created a need for the formation of international language used as source of communication. But hardly people know about the origination of language. Due to Invasion of Anglo, Saxons and Jutes in Britannia, the Latin language at that absorbed many dialects of the invading tribes in (6-11 Century). This marked the origination of Old English. As per Kumaravadivelu (2012), Modern English has adopted many words of the Old English. The invasion of Norse, Scandavian people, was a turning point for English, which was given its grammar and structure formation. While in the 6th century, Christianity granted various load words to the Latin language and in turn granting more words to the English language. French after becoming the prestige language in 1066 after Noman invasion categorized the language into different categories. Kings and noble men spoke French while the middle class and merchants spoke English and French both. The common people spoke on ly English. This was the time English adopted words of French too. With high adaptation level, the Printing Press in 1490 took step for enforcement of standards of Language. They highlighted the need of standards for preserving the language. English Language Experts were deeply concern with the frequent changes in language, Confusion and perplexity for it. Finally, their efforts resulted in forming standards for punctuation, proper usage, spellings and words.(Strang, 2015)He also show that Britain expansion to one third of land through trade, made English more common to other parts of world too in 1780. Further British Colonism, Granted words from second languages also, to the English. Research Question: What standards to use English as an international language? What is the need of standards? How capitalism affected the usage of English all over? How the linguistic imperialism has aided in the dominance of language? Will the English continue to be dominant language in future? what will be the counter languages and their reasons to dominate over English? Literature Review The step of globalization laid great emphasis for usage of English as an international language. The west world in lust of power tried to access the science and technology in1800-1949, which finally created great stress for common language for communication (Wengfeng and Gao,2008). Whereas in 1949, the communist won and restored the worth of their language too. Whereas as suggested by Jin, Cortazzi (2006), the Chinese learned new languages Russian and English to counteract the effects of capitalism. While during the cultural revolution of the world in 1966-1976, world went through great transformation. In 1966-1968, many of the schools were closed and when opened, they became center of politics, without any colour of foreign language. Children were taught slogans like Long live Chairman Mao. Even the effects of politics were incorporated in English dictionaries. Ji in Pucilowski(2005) shed light on the political effects in dictionaries to affect the minds of learners. They were taugh t lessons of hatred by degrading the western capital society, which was losing. They were also taught they cannot live without the president Mao and could not have any happiness to. They were hypnotized with the mesmerizing effects of party and called that they will do everything the party would say them. They were made aware that for these ideas, they needed to invest great amount of energy and sacrifices but they were taught to remain loyal to party in any circumstance. Finally in 1976, Mao died ending the culture reformation and inviting the new leader Deng Xiaoping, who proved to be of immense worth as he made strong ties with US by forming better policies to improve the suffered relations between countries. This once again invited the foreign English teachers come for teaching English and removing the barriers of trade and advancement of technology (Pan, D Block,2011). It was emphasized the enforcement of standards to maintain the quality of English language free from mistakes. However the mingling of cultures, created Chinglish, a substandard version of English. Despite of efforts, few terms like long time no see and lost face were affected by the Chinese usage. China realizing the importance of English for advancement in all the fields of life, ranging from economics till maintain ideology, laid great emphasis on the nationalists to learn English as modern language. They made them realize that this way they will conquer the world and restore their integrity and continue to prosper in economic world as well. No doubt countries realize the importance of English as common language for communication to make the world global village, but every country blended English with their language, which created further many versions, Chinglish, Japanese English, Spanglish, Singlish, Kenyan English, and Thai English etc. English is the most widely spoken language by 480 million people (Mackey, 2015). In 2006-7 about 80% of homepages on the World Wide Web were in some k ind of English (cp. German, 4.5%; Japanese, 3.1%).85% of international organizations use English as their official language; while used as 85% for worlds film market; and 90% of academic texts (Crystal, 1997) This clearly shows the importance of English in todays world. Even Political leaders in non-English speaking countries use English to communicate with international media etc. Theoretical Framework: The Kachru model of 1985 demonstrated the various types of English. The model is divided into inner circle, outer circle and expanding circle. The inner circle represented the usage of English of native people in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the US. While the outer circle represents the usage of language as second language in countries like India, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, and Kenya former colonies. The last circle, expanding circle exhibits countries which may adopt the language in future as they treat the language as foreign language. Though the model represented the clear usage of English as communicational tool in their countries, but they have not adopted the language completely and brought up changes to adapt it completely for the usage. But this proved that countries were not ready to leave neither their native language nor English. Instead they paved a way in between and joined both of the languages. (Kirkpatrick,2006) Methodology : The semiotic analysis of the above model clearly shows that despite of the desire to speak and use their languages, people from all the countries have realized the importance of using English as their language used in for trade and communication.it also depicts the idea that English will always be treated as foreign language despite of its significance. The statistical data also exhibits the usage of English in various countries. More than 400 million people use English as their native language while 700 million people speak English as foreign language. Approximately over 2700 languages, English has retained its preference with the treasure of richest vocabulary . oxford English dictionary contains 500,000 words. Significance: To sum up, English has conquered all the four field of spoken language, official language, language of sources of information and quantity of information disseminated. So it conquers all the prominent fields to restore its power in technology, academics, communication and trade. It is not only altered by its non- native speakers but by native speakers also (Seidlhofer, 2010). But no doubt the power lies with the US and UK speakers because it is their native language. References: Cortazzi, M. and Jin, L. (1999, 2001). Bridges to learning: Metaphors of teaching, learning and language. In L. Cameron and G. Low (Eds.), Researching and applying metaphor (pp.149-176). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language and Teaching Press. Crystal, D. (1997/2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kachru, B. B. (1985). Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: The English language in the outer circle. In R. Quirk H.G. Widdowson (Eds.), English in the world: Teaching and learning the language and literatures(pp. 11-36). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lass, Robert (ed) (1999) The Cambridge History of the English Language, Vol 111: 1476-1776. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK. Cortazzi, M. and Jin, L. (1999, 2001). Bridges to learning: Metaphors of teaching, learning and language. In L. Cameron and G. Low (Eds.), Researching and applying metaphor (pp.149-176). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language and Teaching Press. Crystal, D. (1997/2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kachru, B. B. (1985). Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: The English language in the outer circle. In R. Quirk H.G. Widdowson (Eds.), English in the world: Teaching and learning the language and literatures(pp. 11-36). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Crystal, D., 2012. English as a global language. Cambridge University Press. Jin, L. and Cortazzi, M., 2006. Changing practices in Chinese cultures of learning. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 19(1), pp.5-20. Kumaravadivelu, B., 2012. Individual identity, cultural globalization, and teaching English as an international language. Principles and practices for teaching English as an international language, 9. Seidlhofer, B., 2005. English as a lingua franca. ELT journal, 59(4), p.339. Strang, B.M., 2015. A history of English (Vol. 26). Routledge. Wenfeng, W. and Gao, X., 2008. English language education in China: A review of selected research. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 29(5), pp.380-399. Zheng, H.B. and Song, W.J., 2010. Metaphor Analysis in the Educational Discourse: A Critical Review. Online Submission, 8(9), pp.42-49. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge.
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